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Rev. chil. infectol ; 25(1): 22-27, feb. 2008.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-473645

ABSTRACT

Foodborne botulism is caused by ingestión of a preformed toxin produced in food by C. botulinum. The most frequent source is home-canned foods, in which spores that survive an inadequate cooking and canning process germinate, reproduce, and produce this toxin in the anaerobic environment of the canned food. From 1992 to 2003, 34 cases of food-borne cases and 275 cases of infant botulism were reported in Argentina. The severity of symptoms depends on the amount of toxin ingested. Mild cases may not seek medical attention at all. A patient presenting only nausea and mild neurological symptoms may not raise the physician's attention and therefore the case will not be reported. It is important to make physicians aware of this potentially fatal disease. In Argentina, most botulism cases are related to home-canned food. Therefore, botulism can be prevented through the education of consumers in order to discourage the consumption of that kind of food.


La causa más frecuente de botulismo de los alimentos es la elaboración y consumo de conservas caseras, que son procesadas de manera inapropiada, creando un ambiente anaeróbico que favorece la supervivencia de las esporas, su germinación, reproducción y síntesis de toxina. Entre 1992 y 2003, se han notificado en Argentina 34 casos de botulismo transmitido por alimentos y 275 casos de botulismo infantil. La gravedad de los síntomas depende de la ingesta de esporas viables por el paciente. Formas leves de botulismo pueden no requerir asistencia médica en absoluto, por lo que si un paciente presenta sólo náuseas y ligeros síntomas neurológicos, existe la posibilidad de que un caso de botulismo pueda no ser diagnosticado. En Argentina, la mayoría de los casos de botulismo se relacionan con alimentos de preparación casera. Es importante para la prevención, educar a los consumidores, desincentivando la ingesta de este tipo de alimentos.


Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Botulism/etiology , Food Handling , Food Microbiology , Food Preservation , Argentina/epidemiology , Botulism/diagnosis , Botulism/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Severity of Illness Index
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